If analytical methods are not complete
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3D00400 - SEMI 3D4 - Guide for Metrology for Measuring Thickness, Total Thickness Variation (TTV), Bow, Warp/Sori, and Flatness of Bonded Wafer Stacks StdVol-Flat Panel Display If analytical methods are not1 Purpose 1. 1 This Guide provides a description of tools that can be used to determine these key parameters before, during, and after the process steps involved in wafer bonding. Control of parameters such as bonded wafer stack (BWS) thickness, total thickness variation (TTV), bow, warp sori, and flatness, is essential to successful implementation of a wafer bonding process. These parameters provide meaningful information about the quality of the