McGuire DK, Shih WJ, Cosentino F, Charbonnel B, Cherney DZ, Dagogo-Jack S, et al
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Cancer Risk Elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which is the downstream effect of GH activity, have also raised theoretical concerns about an increased risk of cancer: According to Roberts, IGF-1 promotes cellular proliferation and inhibits apoptosis, two mechanisms that may contribute to the development of cancer cells in predisposed individuals (22)