Common reasons include: Pernicious anemia , an autoimmune condition affecting intrinsic factor production Gastrointestinal disorders, such as Crohns disease or celiac disease Prolonged use of certain medications, like proton pump inhibitors Knowing these causes helps spot at-risk people
Cobalamin separates from the protein during digestion, and a substance called intrinsic factor binds to cobalamin for the body to absorb it into the blood
GLP-1 compounds work through gut hormones
Within the Vitamin B complex, there are several members, including Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin B2 (riboflavin), Vitamin B3 (niacin), Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), Vitamin B7 (biotin), Vitamin B9 (folate), and notably, vitamin B12 (cobalamin)