The membrane was blocked in 5% skimmed milk or 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) at room temperature for 1 h, and then incubated overnight at 4 C with the following primary antibodies: rabbit anti-GAPDH (2118, 1: 5000, Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA), rabbit anti-VWF (AB7356, 1: 1000, Sigma-Aldrich), rabbit anti-Collagen I (NB600-408, 1: 1000, Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA), rabbit anti--SMA (55135-1-AP, 1: 1000, Proteintech Group Inc., IL, USA), rabbit anti-p-p38 MAPK (4511, 1: 1000, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti-p38 MAPK (9212, 1: 1000, Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit anti-N-Cadherin (ab18203, 1: 1000, Abcam Inc., Cambridge, UK), and rabbit anti-E-cadherin (20874-1-AP, 1: 1000, Proteintech)
Link between oxidative stress and acute brain ischemia
While SGLT2-i and GLP-1RA may offer additive or synergistic benefits in reducing BP and cardiovascular risk, current guidelines do not support their role as first-line antihypertensive agents or early adjunctive therapies over established agents such as thiazide diuretics, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors, or calcium channel blockers (CCBs)
Pluijms, W