The peptide was first synthesized by researchers investigating cytoprotective proteins found in gastric juice
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1551843 Received 26 December 2024 Accepted 09 June 2025 Published 02 July 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Ting Shen, Yangzhou University, China Reviewed by Shuo Yuan, University of Virginia, United States Yan Hu, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China Updates Copyright 2025 Mao, Huang, Li, Sun, Zhang, Cheng, Zeng, Lei, Wang and Yao
Using products past their expiration dates wastes money on inactive ingredients
This preclinical study demonstrates that vitamin B12 supports mitochondrial metabolism through altering gene expression and multiple metabolic pathways