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Blood sugar fluctuations, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial strain increase: Oxidative stress Pro-inflammatory cytokine signaling Nervous system reactivity Impaired cellular recovery Even subtle metabolic instability can make pain more persistent and resistant to conventional treatment

Alpha lipoic acid Alpha-lipoic acid ( -LA) is an organosulfur and biological antioxidant synthesized in the mitochondria of plants, animals, and humans

Anti-aging: Neutralizes free radicals that contribute to skin aging

But researchers have cautioned that the science is still in the very early stages, and more work is needed before any firm conclusions can be reached