In vitro, alpha-lipoic acid inhibits platelet aggregation
Some studies show that the carotenoid may lower oxidative stress
The primary antibodies used included anti-ZO-1 (Abcam, ab307799, 1:5000), anti-Occludin (Abcam, ab216327, 1:5000), anti-ACSL4 (Abcam, ab155282, 1:10000), anti-TFR1 (ABclonal, A5865, 1:2000), anti-SLC7 A11 (Abcam, ab175186, 1:5000), anti-GPX4 (Abcam, ab125066, 1:5000), anti-VDAC2 (Proteintech, 116631-AP, 1:5000), anti-VDAC3 (Proteintech, 552601-AP, 1:5000), -tubulin (Proteintech, 100681-AP, 1:5000), and GAPDH (Proteintech, 104941-AP, 1:20000)
Glycine and serine (serine is converted to glycine for GSH synthesis) are spent making GSH, but glutamate is increased once GSH exits the cell and is transaminated by GGT, releasing glutamate into circulation