Substantial evidence has demonstrated that apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy form an intricate regulatory network, collectively determining the progression of tubular injury through shared signaling pathways and phenotype transition (200, 225, 226) ( Figure 2 )
To view a copy of this licence, visit About this article Cite this article Lee, YC.G., Chou, HC., Chen, YT
According to a study in the European Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine, long-term metformin use is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency, a condition with potential hematological and neurological consequences
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