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Cytotoxicity in mammalian cells Vero cells (African Green Monkey Kidney cells, ATCC CCL-81) were grown in Dulbeccos modified Eagles medium (DMEM) containing glucose, L-glutamine and sodium pyruvate and supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1X penicillinstreptomycin (Sigma) at 37 C in culture flasks (TPT-90025) until confluent growth was attained
Six Phase I/II clinical trials enrolling approximately 900 participants confirmed an excellent safety profile with no serious adverse events attributed to the compound
These compounds block the action of an enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV, which normally rapidly degrades GLP-1
A randomized, placebo-controlled study in 52 subjects (mean age, 30 years) with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis found an increase in total antioxidant capacity in blood with lipoic acid supplementation (1,200 mg/day for 12 weeks) yet not in the activity of specific antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) (97)
