This hypothesis, while speculative, could explain the peptides ability to normalize both deficiency and excess states across diverse neurotransmitter disturbances
Yao, Y, Cai X, Ye Y, Wang F, Chen F, Zheng C
If vitamin B12 is ingested in its free (or nonprotein bound form), it will bind to a carrier protein known as R-binders or transcobalamin I that is secreted by both the salivary glands in the oropharynx and the gastric mucosal cells within the stomach.1,2,8 The free vitamin B12 ingested by mouth will remain in the bound form with an R-binder until it reaches the second segment of the duodenum in the small intestine
These shifts hint at how GLP-1s might also support sobriety and addiction, offering hope to those pursuing broader wellness goals