By breaking down intracellular components, autophagy sustains bioenergetic balance and promotes cell survival until favorable conditions are restored ( Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process involving four key steps: initiation, autophagosome formation and maturation, fusion with lysosomes, and degradation of autophagic cargo
Kumar P, Osahon O, Vides DB, Hanania N, Minard CG, Sekhar RV
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First, SFN stands as a exemplary multi-targeted agent whose pleiotropic mechanismsspanning epigenetic regulation, induction of specialized cell death programs, immunomodulation, and CSC targetingprovide a robust foundation for its efficacy against heterogeneous and treatment-resistant malignancies