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26 The weight-loss effects of GLP-1 RAs have been attributed not only to appetite-suppressing mechanisms but also to increased energy expenditure through activation of hindbrain pathways and stimulation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) have been positively correlated with blood pressure (40, 41), and the inhibition of DPP-4 has been shown to down-regulate the expression of IL-6 and TNF- (36, 42, 43)
[6] Degradation [edit source] Once secreted, GLP-1 is extremely susceptible to the catalytic activity of the proteolytic enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)
Injecting into muscles causes more pain
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