Long term prescription of medications such as the following are likely to increase the cause of, or exacerbate the risk of B12 deficiency - the proton pump inhibitors (esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole), famotidine, ranitidine, metformin, glibenclamide, gliclazide, glimepiride, glipizide, sodium valproate, gabapentin, doxycycline, some oral contraceptives
Lifestyle changes, influence of social media, celebrity endorsements and direct to consumer advertisements have led to a surge in the demand for GLP-1 drugs
The Lancet , 402
High-fiber foods, certain carbohydrates (especially refined sugars and sugar alcohols), and large meal volumes all ferment more readily in your colon when gastric emptying is slowed