IBS presents in several subtypes, often classified using the Bristol Stool Chart: IBS with constipation (IBS-C) : Predominant hard or lumpy stools IBS with diarrhoea (IBS-D) : Predominant loose or watery stools IBS with mixed bowel habits (IBS-M) : Alternating constipation and diarrhoea IBS unclassified (IBS-U) : Insufficient abnormality of stool consistency Common symptoms include bloating, abdominal distension, urgency, and a sensation of incomplete evacuation
Hormonal contraceptives containing synthetic oestrogen can contribute to sustained elevation of oestrogen levels, which may exacerbate histamine-related symptoms in susceptible women, including worsening of allergies, skin reactions, and histamine intolerance more broadly
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