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Haematological parameters (such as haemoglobin and red blood cell indices) typically begin to normalise within one to two weeks
Additional risk factors include: Chronic kidney disease : Reduced renal clearance may impair B12 excretion Liver disease : Hepatic dysfunction can disrupt B12 metabolism and storage Myeloproliferative disorders : Certain blood cancers increase B12-binding proteins Concurrent medication use : Some drugs may interact with B12 metabolism, including metformin, proton pump inhibitors, and H2 antagonists Patients with these conditions should have B12 supplementation carefully monitored by their healthcare team
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[13] Pernicious anemia is the most common cause of clinically evident vitamin B 12 deficiency worldwide
